Carthaginian peace
Carthaginian peace
noun
1.the treaty by which Rome reduced Carthage to the status of a puppet state in 201 b.c.
2. any brutal peace treaty demanding total subjugation of the defeated side.
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/carthaginian+peace
Origin
The term refers to the outcome of a series of wars between Rome and the Phoenician city of Carthage, known as the Punic Wars. The two empires fought three separate wars against each other, beginning in 264 BC and ending in 146 BC.
At the end of the Third Punic War, the Romans laid siege to Carthage. When they took the city, they killed most of the inhabitants, sold the rest into slavery, and destroyed the entire city. As Tacitus wrote in a different context, quoting or paraphrasing the Caledonian chieftain Calgacus, "they make a wasteland and call it peace". Some modern accounts say they plowed over the city and sowed the ground with salt, but this is not supported by ancient sources.[1]
By extension, the term "Carthaginian Peace" can refer to any brutal peace treaty demanding total subjugation of the defeated side.
At the end of the Third Punic War, the Romans laid siege to Carthage. When they took the city, they killed most of the inhabitants, sold the rest into slavery, and destroyed the entire city. As Tacitus wrote in a different context, quoting or paraphrasing the Caledonian chieftain Calgacus, "they make a wasteland and call it peace". Some modern accounts say they plowed over the city and sowed the ground with salt, but this is not supported by ancient sources.[1]
By extension, the term "Carthaginian Peace" can refer to any brutal peace treaty demanding total subjugation of the defeated side.
Modern Use
Modern use of the term is often extended to any peace settlement in which the peace terms are overly harsh and designed to perpetuate the inferiority of the loser. Thus many (the economist John Maynard Keynes among them[2]) deemed the Treaty of Versailles to be a "Carthaginian Peace." The Morgenthau Plan, which was dropped in favor of the Marshall Plan (1948–1952), might be described as a Carthaginian Peace, as it advocated the 'pastoralization' (de-industrialization) of Germany following her 1945 defeat in World War II.
General Lucius D. Clay, deputy to general Dwight D. Eisenhower who in 1945 was military governor of the U.S. occupation Zone in Germany, and who would go on to replace Eisenhower as governor and as commander in chief, U.S. Forces in Europe, would later remark regarding the occupation directive guiding his and General Eisenhower's actions in occupied Germany: "there was no doubt that JCS 1067 contemplated the Carthaginian peace which dominated our operations in Germany during the early months of occupation."[3]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carthaginian_peace
General Lucius D. Clay, deputy to general Dwight D. Eisenhower who in 1945 was military governor of the U.S. occupation Zone in Germany, and who would go on to replace Eisenhower as governor and as commander in chief, U.S. Forces in Europe, would later remark regarding the occupation directive guiding his and General Eisenhower's actions in occupied Germany: "there was no doubt that JCS 1067 contemplated the Carthaginian peace which dominated our operations in Germany during the early months of occupation."[3]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carthaginian_peace
Morgenthau Plan
In the original proposal this was to be achieved in three main steps.- Germany was to be partitioned into two independent states.
- Germany's main centers of mining and industry, including the Saar area, the Ruhr area and Upper Silesia were to be internationalized or annexed by neighboring nations.
- All heavy industry was to be dismantled or otherwise destroyed.
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